1. Preliminary Preparation & Design
Geotechnical investigation: Determine foundation bearing capacity, groundwater level, etc., to provide basis for foundation design (to avoid differential settlement).
Structural design: Professional design institutes calculate steel member section sizes and connection methods according to workshop usage (e.g., with or without cranes, load class), span, height, local wind load and snow load.
Material procurement: Select standard steel grades (Q235B, Q355B), high-strength bolts (Grade 10.9), enclosure materials (color steel sheet thickness ≥0.3mm), etc. All materials shall come with quality certificates.
2. Foundation Construction
Excavate foundation pits per design and cast concrete foundations. For pile foundations, piling and static load tests shall be conducted first. Embedded plates shall be reserved on foundation tops for connection with steel columns, with position deviation ≤10 mm.
After 28 days of curing (to reach design strength), re-survey elevation and axis to satisfy installation requirements.
3. Fabrication & Transportation of Steel Members
Steel columns, roof beams and other components are cut and welded in factory. Welds shall undergo non-destructive testing such as UT ultrasonic inspection. Steel surfaces are blast-cleaned to Sa2.5 grade and primed with anti-rust paint (dry film thickness ≥80 μm).
Members shall be fixed with supports during transportation to prevent deformation; temporary bracing shall be installed for long members.
4. Lifting & Installation of Steel Members
Lifting sequence: Erect steel columns → calibrate verticality and fix → install roof beams (bolted or welded to steel columns) → install crane beams and purlins → erect bracing system.
Tolerance control: Verticality deviation of steel columns ≤ H/1000 (H = column height) and ≤15 mm; mid-span deflection of roof beams after installation ≤ L/250 (L = span).
Connection requirements: High-strength bolts shall be tightened in sequence: initial tightening then final tightening, with final torque complying with design. Welded connections shall guarantee weld size to prevent incomplete penetration and missing welds.
5. Enclosure System Installation
6. Anti-corrosion & Fire Protection Works
Anti-corrosion: Touch-up coating on weld zones and coating damaged during transportation. Total dry film thickness of final topcoat (e.g., fluorocarbon coating) ≥120 um for exterior, ≥80 μm for interior, providing 15–20 years service life.
Fire protection: Apply fire-retardant coating (thin or thick type) on steel columns and beams according to workshop fire hazard classification (Class D, Class E), so as to meet required fire resistance rating (e.g., columns ≥3 hours, beams ≥2 hours).
7. Acceptance
Structural acceptance: Inspect member dimensions, connection strength, verticality, deflection and compliance with codes.
Functional acceptance: Roof waterproofing (water spray test), door & window airtightness, stable operation of cranes, etc.
Document acceptance: Weld inspection reports, material quality certificates, anti-corrosion & fire protection test reports, etc.
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